इस क्षेत्र का अनुवाद अभी इस भाषा में नहीं हुआ है, इसलिए यह अंग्रेज़ी में दिखाया जा रहा है।
North Konkan · Western Coastal Strip
Two quite different histories share this region and it is worth keeping them apart. Bombay is where Indian national politics was largely invented, and the list of things that happened here is a list of national firsts: the Congress's first session in 1885, the first political general strike in 1908, the Quit India resolution in 1942, the naval ratings' strike in 1946. Very little of that began with people from this coast; the city drew them in from everywhere. The coast's own resistance was about land, forest and labour rather than about the empire as such, and it happened out of sight of the city: the Chirner satyagraha against forest regulation in 1930, an underground group in the Karjat hills cutting the pylons that lit Bombay in 1942, and the Warli rising of 1945 to 1947 in the Dahanu and Talasari country against bonded labour. That last is the largest thing that happened in this region's own countryside in the whole period, and it had almost nothing to do with Congress politics.
विद्रोह और आंदोलन
After Bal Gangadhar Tilak was convicted of sedition and sentenced to transportation, mill workers across the city struck for six days, one day for each year of his sentence. It was a political strike rather than an industrial one.
परिणाम: It is generally treated as the first general strike in India with an explicitly political purpose, and it established the mill districts as a political force in the city.
As part of the civil disobedience movement, villagers in Uran taluka defied the forest regulations that restricted grazing, grass-cutting and the taking of wood from land they had customarily used. Police fired on the gathering at Chirner.
परिणाम: Several villagers were killed and a large number were prosecuted in what is known locally as the Chirner case. Accounts of the number killed differ and no single figure is given here.
Warli cultivators and labourers in the Dahanu, Talasari and Umbergaon country refused forced and bonded labour to landlords, organised through the Kisan Sabha by Godavari and Shamrao Parulekar. The demands were for wages, an end to bonded service and security on the land the Warlis worked.
परिणाम: The rising established the Kisan Sabha in the Thane hill talukas and forced the question of tribal bonded labour into the provincial legislature. Godavari Parulekar's account of it, published in 1970, remains the main narrative source.
Ratings at the signals school HMIS Talwar in Bombay struck over conditions and treatment, and the strike spread to ships and shore establishments. A central strike committee was formed under the signalman M. S. Khan, and students and workers in the city struck in sympathy.
परिणाम: The ratings surrendered on 25 and 26 February after superior force was assembled against them. Despite assurances given by political leaders, many were arrested, and 476 were dismissed and never reinstated in either navy after 1947.
व्यक्ति
| नाम | वर्ष | आंदोलन | किसलिए मशहूर |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dadabhai NaorojiBombay | 1825–1917 | Congress | Wrote the economic analysis of colonial rule that gave the movement its central argument about the drain of wealth, presided over the Congress three times, and sat in the British House of Commons from 1892, the first Indian to do so. |
| Bhikaji CamaBorn at Bombay; worked from London and Paris | 1861–1936 | Revolutionary exile press | Co-founded the Paris Indian Society, published and smuggled the papers Bande Mataram and Madan's Talwar into India, and unfurled a flag of Indian independence at the socialist congress at Stuttgart on 22 August 1907.Remained in exile until 1935; returned to Bombay in November that year and died there on 13 August 1936. |
| Babu Genu SaidBorn at Mahalunge Padawal; worked in a Bombay cotton mill | 1908–1930 | Boycott of imported cloth | Stood in front of a lorry carrying imported cloth from a Kalbadevi shop to the docks during the boycott campaign.Killed when the lorry was driven over him at Bhangwadi on Kalbadevi Road on 12 December 1930. |
| Bhai KotwalMatheran and Karjat taluka, Raigad district | 1912–1943 | Quit India | Went underground after August 1942 and formed a group of about fifty farmers, teachers and relatives that ran a parallel administration in Karjat taluka. Between September and November 1942 it brought down eleven electricity pylons carrying power to Bombay, halting mills and rail traffic.Shot during a police search in the Siddhagad forest in Murbad taluka on 2 January 1943. |
| Godavari ParulekarDahanu and Talasari, Thane district | 1907–1996 | Kisan Sabha; the Warli rising | The first woman law graduate in Maharashtra; with her husband Shamrao she organised the Warli cultivators and labourers against forced and bonded labour between 1945 and 1947. Her account of it, Jewha Manus Jaga Hoto, was published in 1970 and won the Sahitya Akademi award in 1972. |
| Shamrao ParulekarDahanu and Talasari, Thane district | died 1965 | Kisan Sabha; the Warli rising | Organised the Warli rising with Godavari Parulekar from 1945, working through the Kisan Sabha in the Thane hill talukas. |
| Usha MehtaBombay | 1920–2000 | Quit India | Ran the clandestine Congress Radio transmitter in Bombay from August 1942, broadcasting news of the movement after the leadership had been arrested and the press censored.Arrested in November 1942 when the transmitter was traced, and imprisoned until 1946. |
North Konkan के वे लोग जिन्होंने औपनिवेशिक शासन का प्रतिरोध किया, और वे क्षेत्रीय विद्रोह जिन्होंने उस प्रतिरोध को आकार दिया। (11)