पहनावा और वस्त्र
Wool decides everything. Below about 1,500 m cotton is normal and wool is a winter addition; above it, wool is the year's clothing and the household that keeps sheep spins, weaves and wears its own. The distinctive Garhwali objects are therefore not embroidered garments but woven ones — the pankhi wrap, the thulma blanket and the Bhotiya floor rug — plus a small, heavy vocabulary of gold ornament that a family accumulates over generations and puts on a bride all at once.
क्या पहना जाता है
Ghagri and angraWomen
A gathered ankle-length skirt with a short fitted upper garment, worn with a head cloth. The everyday version is cotton or coarse wool; the ceremonial version is heavier and darker, and is now largely confined to older women and to ritual occasions.
किस मौके पर: Everyday and ceremonial
PichhodaMarried women
A dyed veil-cloth thrown over the head and shoulders, yellow-grounded and marked with a red device at the centre. The Kumaoni rangwali pichhora is its better-known cousin; the Garhwali version is worn for the same set of occasions and is drawn on rather than pre-printed in many households.
किस मौके पर: Weddings, deity festivals and rites of passage
PankhiMen and women
A woven woollen wrap thrown over the shoulder — light enough to work in, warm enough to sleep under, and the single most useful object a hill household owns after the copper pot.
किस मौके पर: Everyday in cold weather
ThulmaHouseholds
A thick, heavily napped wool blanket woven on a narrow loom in strips and joined. It is a Bhotiya product that moved down the valleys as trade goods long before it became a craft-market item.
किस मौके पर: Winter
Bhotiya woollen coat and bootsHigh-valley communities
Heavy coats and knee-high woollen or hide-soled boots made for snow and for walking with a load. The pattern is closer to Tibetan dress than to anything worn in the middle hills, which is a fair summary of the whole valley.
किस मौके पर: Everyday above 3,000 m
Topi and safaMen
A woollen cap in daily use and a wound cloth for ceremony. The black cap became a political marker during the Uttarakhand statehood agitation and has stayed one.
किस मौके पर: Everyday and ceremonial
बुनाई और कपड़े
Bhotiya wool weavingChamoli (Niti, Mana), Uttarkashi (Bagori, Dunda)
Sheep and goat wool spun on a drop spindle and woven on a backstrap or pit loom into pankhi, thulma, and the dan or chutka floor rug in bold geometric registers. The trade the weaving belonged to ended in the early 1960s; the weaving survived by turning into a cooperative craft economy.
Hemp and bhimal fibreAcross the middle hills
Hemp stem retted and twisted into rope, sacking and coarse footwear; bhimal bark used for cord and, wet, as a hair wash. Both are field-margin plants, and both were household manufacture rather than a trade.
Wool from the Rath and Salan flocksPauri, Tehri
Coarse local wool spun and woven for household use in the middle hills. It is scratchier than Bhotiya wool and was never a trade good, which is why it has no market name.
गहने
Nath — the large gold nose ring, its diameter a statement about the householdGuloband — a neckband of gold plaques mounted on clothHansuli — a rigid silver or gold torqueChareu and paunji — heavy silver ankletsMurkhli and kundal — ear ornamentsDhagula and pauncha — wrist ornaments