इस क्षेत्र का अनुवाद अभी इस भाषा में नहीं हुआ है, इसलिए यह अंग्रेज़ी में दिखाया जा रहा है।
Bagelkhand · Central Highlands & Forest Belt
Bagelkhand's periodisation is unusual because one dynasty covers most of it. Its ancient record is Buddhist and epigraphic and was largely underground until recently — the stupa group at Deur Kothar near Rewa was only identified in 1982, and Bharhut's carved railing left the plateau for Calcutta in the 1870s. Its medieval period begins in the mid-thirteenth century with the arrival of the Baghela line, and then runs almost seven centuries without a break in the dynasty, first from Bandhavgarh and after 1618 from Rewa. Because the state was never annexed and never lapsed, the region has no modern period of the usual kind: no conquest date, no deposition, and in 1857 no revolt at the capital. Its modern history is princely-state history. It is also worth stating plainly that the Gond and Kol population of the Son valley and the forest interior is older on this ground than the Rajput state laid over it, and appears in the written record mostly as the object of forest and revenue policy rather than as a ruling power.
कालक्रम यहाँ क्षेत्रीय है, राष्ट्रीय नहीं — मध्यकाल हर क्षेत्र में एक ही सदी से शुरू नहीं होता।
The plateau sat on the route running south from the Ganga plain towards the Deccan, and its earliest monuments are Buddhist and were built where that route crossed the scarp. Bharhut, in what is now Satna district, carried a stupa of about the second century BCE whose railing and gateway reliefs are the earliest large body of Buddhist narrative sculpture in India — labelled scenes, with the labels carved beside them, which is why so much early iconography can be read at all. Deur Kothar, north-east of Rewa, has brick and stone stupas, dozens of rock shelters with paintings, and a Brahmi pillar inscription; the whole site went unrecorded until 1982. In the centuries that followed, the country was known in inscriptions as Dahala, held by the Kalachuris whose capital lay west at Tripuri, while the northern scarp and Kalinjar were contested with the Chandelas.
| कब | क्या हुआ |
|---|---|
| c. 3rd century BCE | The stupa group at Deur Kothar is built on the route south from the Ganga plain; its pillar carries a six-line Brahmi inscription. |
| c. 2nd century BCE | The Bharhut stupa is built and its railing carved with labelled narrative reliefs. |
| 4th–6th century CE | Gupta paramountcy over the plateau; brick temple building on the Rewa uplands. |
| 6th–12th century | The country is known as Dahala and is held by the Kalachuris, whose capital is at Tripuri to the west. |
| 9th–12th century | The northern scarp and the fortress of Kalinjar are contested between Kalachuri and Chandela power. |
The Baghela line reached the plateau in the mid-thirteenth century and took Bandhavgarh, a natural sandstone table with cliffs on every side, as its seat. It held it for three and a half centuries. The court's most consequential export was a musician: Tansen was at Ramchandra Singh's court before entering Akbar's service in 1562, which is the beginning of the region's long habit of sending its music elsewhere. Bandhavgarh fell to a Mughal siege in 1597, and in 1618 Vikramaditya Singh founded Rewa on open ground and moved the capital there — a deliberate exchange of a hill fort for an administrative town. Through the eighteenth century the state absorbed Bundela, Maratha and finally Pindari pressure without being conquered, and in 1812 it settled its position by treaty.
| कब | क्या हुआ |
|---|---|
| mid-13th century | Vyaghra Deva establishes Baghela rule on the plateau; his son Karandeva holds Bandhavgarh, which becomes the dynastic seat. The account of how the fort was acquired is family tradition. |
| 1555–1592 | Ramchandra Singh rules from Bandhavgarh; Tansen is at his court before entering Akbar's service in 1562. |
| 1597 | Bandhavgarh is taken by Mughal forces after a long siege. |
| 1618 | Vikramaditya Singh founds Rewa and moves the seat there from Bandhavgarh. |
| 1630–1643 | Amar Singh rules and founds Amarpatan on the Rewa plateau. |
| 18th century | Maratha and then Pindari raiding reaches the plateau; the state's northern parganas change hands repeatedly. |
The treaty of 1812 fixed Rewa's position under British protection and left its dynasty in place, which is why the plateau's nineteenth century looks so different from the districts around it. In 1857 the Maharaja sent troops to help the British in Mandla, Jabalpur and Nagod, and was rewarded with the restoration of the Sohagpur and Amarkantak parganas; the fighting on this plateau happened on its edges, led by thakurs on the Rewa–Banda border and at Bijairaghogarh, not from the capital. The smaller states around Rewa — Nagod, Maihar, Sohawal, Kothi, Jaso and Baraundha — were grouped into an agency under the Central India administration, so a British Indian district and a princely state could lie a few kilometres apart with entirely different law. Extraction began late and then quickly: forest reservation, then coal in the Son valley, then limestone. The court at Maihar meanwhile took in Allauddin Khan, and the gharana that came out of that appointment carried the region's name much further than its politics ever did.
| कब | क्या हुआ |
|---|---|
| 1812 | Jai Singh Deo concludes a treaty accepting British protection after the Pindari raids. |
| 1857–59 | Rewa and Nagod support the British; risings on the Rewa–Banda border under Thakur Ranmat Singh and at Bijairaghogarh under Surju Prasad are put down, and Sohagpur and Amarkantak are restored to Rewa. |
| 1873 | Alexander Cunningham identifies the Bharhut stupa; its railing and gateway are removed and taken to Calcutta. |
| 1870s | The smaller states of the plateau are grouped as the Bagelkhand Agency under the Central India administration. |
| c. 1918 | Allauddin Khan enters the service of the Maihar court under Raja Brijnath Singh. |
| 1946 | The Rewa Rajya Praja Mandal, an association of the state's own subjects pressing for representative government, is organised; its workers are repeatedly jailed and expelled from the state. |
| 1948 | Rewa and the other states of the plateau accede and are grouped into a new administrative unit. |
शासक और सेनापति
Founded Baghela rule on the plateau. The dynasty he began held the region until 1948, one of the longest continuous dynastic tenures in India, and gave Bagelkhand its name.
राजवंश: Baghela. राजधानी: Bandhavgarh
Kept a court of musicians at Bandhavgarh. Tansen was in his service before entering Akbar's court in 1562 — the first instance of the pattern by which this plateau's musicians are known everywhere except here.
राजवंश: Baghela. राजधानी: Bandhavgarh
Founded Rewa in 1618 and moved the capital there after the loss of Bandhavgarh, exchanging a hill fort for an administrative town on open ground. Every later institution of the state is Rewa-based.
राजवंश: Baghela. राजधानी: Rewa
Founded Amarpatan and consolidated the state's hold on the plateau north of the Son.
राजवंश: Baghela. राजधानी: Rewa
Prohibited sati within the state in 1847. A writer in Hindi; his Anand Raghunandan is often described as among the earliest plays written in the language.
राजवंश: Baghela. राजधानी: Rewa
Sent Rewa troops to assist the British in Mandla, Jabalpur and Nagod in 1857 and received back the Sohagpur and Amarkantak parganas. Built the Govindgarh palace and the reservoir beside it, and wrote devotional verse still recited outside the region.
राजवंश: Baghela. राजधानी: Rewa
Took Allauddin Khan into his service at Maihar around 1918. The lineage that grew from that appointment — Ali Akbar Khan, Annapurna Devi, Ravi Shankar, Nikhil Banerjee — is the plateau's largest cultural export.
राजधानी: Maihar
Held out on the northern border of the state through 1857 and 1858 while Rewa itself stayed with the British. Captured and hanged in 1859; accounts differ on the place.
राजधानी: The Rewa–Banda border country
Bagelkhand का इतिहास — प्राचीन से मध्यकाल होते हुए आधुनिक काल तक, और वे शासक, सेनापति और प्रशासक जिन्होंने इसे गढ़ा। (8)